1.Copper Beard Orchid,Calochilus herbaceus Albany - Auckland.Flowers October - December Found in wet ground amongst scrub north of Auckland. Greenish-yellow with red stripes on the petals. Labellum has a violet lamina surrounded by red whiskers. Critically endangered.
2.Beard Orchid,Calochilus herbaceus viride Te Paki - Far North.Flowers October - December Structurally no different from C herbaceus, but the red is absent from the lateral petal stripes and from the labellum beard. White replaces the usual violet-purple labellum disc.
3.Brown Beard Orchid,Calochilus paludosus Rainbow Mountain - Waiotapu. Flowers October - December Found on poor soils and pakihi. End of labellum with a long strap-shaped tip that is often bent. Column wings lack the "eyes" found on the other species of NZ Calochilus.
4.Red Beard Orchid,Calochilus robertsonii Rainbow Mountain - Waiotapu.Flowers October - December Found on poor clay soils in open areas amongst scrub. Base of labellum with short rounded calli. Beard coloured red, with a short, twisted, strap-shaped tip. Column wings have distinctive dark "eyes"
1.Leek Orchid. Corunastylis nuda Mangakahu Valley Rd - Ongarue.Flowers January - May Found under open scrub and on poor damp soils, sometimes in sphagnum swamps. Has up to 25 small dark red flowers.
2.Leek Orchid,Corunastylis pumila Albany Scenic Reserve.Flowers March - May Found on poor clay soils in the upper South Island, and from Taupo northward. Has up to 30 small yellowish-green flowers.
3.Swamp Leek Orchid,Prasophyllum hectorii Taurewa - Volcanic Plateau.Flowers December - February Found in the Central North Island, Coromandel, and the Far North. Grows only in wetlands, sometimes in open water. Local and rare.
4.Common Leek Orchid,Prasophyllum colensoi Whakapapa - Mt Ruapehu.Flowers October - February Common in high country tussock, grassland, and sub-alpine herbfields. Has 5 to 20 reddish-brown to yellow-green flowers.
5.Leek Orchid,Prasophyllum "A" Dawson Falls - Mt Taranaki.Flowers December - January Resembles and grows in the same habitat as P colensoi, but the column wings are as long or longer than the anther. The status of this species is unclear.
6.Leek Orchid,Prasophyllum "B" Horopito - Mt Ruapehu.Flowers January - February An undescribed species with very long, well separated lateral sepals. Grows in very moist soils, and occasionally shallow water.
1.Potato Orchid,( Huperei ) Gastrodia cunninghamii.Flowers November - February Found throughout New Zealand in forests and scrub. Flowers range from dark brown to greenish in colour. Leafless.
2.Potato Orchid,Gastrodia "longcolumn" Barton's Bush - Hutt Valley. Flowers December - January An un-named species with a column as long as the labellum. Flowers are olive green to dark brown in colour.
3.Potato Orchid,Gastrodia "longcolumn black" Okoia - Wanganui.Flowers December - January A dark coloured form of G "longcolumn" with flowers dark greenish-brown to almost black in colour.
4.Small Potato Orchid,Gastrodia minor Horopito - Mt Ruapehu. Flowers November - January A small leafless orchid that is easily overlooked. Grows mainly under scrub, and in exotic Pine plantations.
5.Potato Orchid,( Perei ) Gastrodia aff sesamoides.Flowers October - January A leafless orchid with many light brown to cream flowers. Is becoming common in exotic Pine forests.
1.Onion Orchid,Microtis aff unifolia Okoia - Wanganui.Flowers December - January Is more slender than M unifolia, the flowers are more widely spaced, and is later flowering.
2.Onion Orchid,Microtis arenaria.Flowers October - November Distribution is currently unknown. It has been formally identified from Northland and Hawke's Bay. Labellum has a V notch in the end.
3.Small Onion Orchid,Microtis oligantha Horopito - Mt Ruapehu.Flowers December - February Found from the Central Plateau southward. Likes damp ground and river terraces in the high country.
4.Slender Onion Orchid,Microtis parviflora.Flowers October - March Found in grassland and scrub at scattered localities from Buller northward. Can be distinguished from M. unifolia by the smooth margin of the lip.
5.Common Onion Orchid,Microtis unifolia Okoia - Wanganui.Flowers September - December Common throughout New Zealand in grassland and scrub. The margin of the lip has a rough, irregular margin.
1.Odd Leaved Orchid,Aporostylis bifolia Dawson Falls - Mt Taranaki.Flowers December - January Found in sub-alpine to alpine forest, scrub and herb-fields from Coromandel southward.
2.Slender Forest Orchid,Adenochilus gracilis Dawson Falls - Mt Taranaki.Flowers December - January Found in montane to sub-alpine Beech forests from East Cape southward.
3.Green Bird Orchid.Simpliglottis cornuta Syn: Chiloglottis cornuta.Flowers October - February Common in native forests, scrub, and Pine plantations. Flowers green with a labellum covered in prominent glossy green or reddish-brown calli.
4.Tongue Orchid,Cryptostylis subulata.Flowers December - January An Australian migrant now firmly established in swamps of the Far North. Grows to metre or more high when in flower.
5.Broad Lip Bird Orchid,Myrmechila trapeziformis Syn: Chiloglottis trapeziformis Iwitahi - Taupo.Flowers December A Trans-Tasman vagrant from Australia. Was thought extinct in NZ. Recently rediscovered near Levin.
6.Large Bird Orchid,Simpliglottis valida Syn: Chiloglottis valida Iwitahi - Taupo.Flowers October - December A Trans-Tasman vagrant from Australia. Found at a few scattered locations from Taupo southward.
7.Danhatchia Orchid,Danhatchia australis Matakawau - Awhitu Peninsula. Flowers December - February An epiparasitic species with no leaves. Nearly always found beneath Taraire or Nikau trees.
8.Small Duck Orchid,Sullivania minor Syn: Paracaleana minor.Flowers November - December An Australian vagrant. Only one small colony currently known at Rotorua. Labellum is touch sensitive, and flips down when an insect alights upon it.
1,Horned Orchid,( Paratawhiti, Ikaika ) Orthoceras strictum.Flowers December - March Has longer floral bracts above the flower, and a more pointed labellum than is found on O novae-zeelandiae. Actual distribution is unknown.
2.Horned Orchid,( Paratawhiti, Ikaika ) Orthoceras novae-zeelandiae Horopito - Mt Ruapehu.Flowers December - March Has a short floral bract behind the flower, and a rounded labellum tip. Found on poor clay soils and beneath scrub.
3.Ladies' Tresses Orchid,Spiranthes novae-zeelandiae Horopito - Mt Ruapehu.Flowers January - April Found from North Cape to South Westland in swamps and marshy sites. Raceme of many flowers arranged spirally around the stem. Local and rare.
4.Beak Orchid,Waireia stenopetala Bald Hill - Longwood Range - Riverton.Flowers December - February Found in wet, peaty places at higher altitudes in the north, & down to sea level in the south. Has 1 - 3 flowers, each are green with dull red-brown spots.
